In general, a computer appliance is a computing device with a specific function and limited configuration ability, and a software appliance is a set of computer programs that might be combined with just enough operating system (JeOS) for it to run optimally on industry standard computer hardware or in a virtual machine.
A firewall appliance is a combination of a firewall software and an operating system that is purposely built to run a firewall system on a dedicated hardware or virtual machine. These include:
embedded firewalls: very limited-capability programs running on a low-power CPU system, software-based firewall appliances: a system that can be run in independent hardware or in a virtualized environment as a virtual appliance hardware-based firewall appliances: a firewall appliance that runs on a hardware specifically built to install as a network device, providing enough network interfaces and CPU to serve a wide range of purposes. From protecting a small network (a few network ports and few megabits per second throughput) to protecting an enterprise-level network (tens of network ports and gigabits per second throughput). The following table lists different firewall appliances lists.
Firewall
License
Cost
OS
Check Point
Proprietary
Included on Check Point
security gateways
Proprietary operating system Check Point IPSO
and Gaia (Linux-based)
FortiGate
Proprietary
Included on all Fortigate
devices
Proprietary, FortiOS
Palo Alto Networks
Proprietary
Included on Palo Alto
Networks firewalls
Proprietary operating system PANOS
WatchGuard
Proprietary
Included on all
WatchGuard firewalls
Proprietary operating system
Sophos
Proprietary
Included on Sophos UTM
Linux-based appliance
Cisco Asa Firepower
Proprietary
Included on all CISCO
ASA devices
Proprietary operating system
Cisco PIX
Proprietary
Included on all CISCO
PIX devices
Proprietary operating system
Mcafee Firewall
Proprietary
Included on Intel Security Appliance
Linux-based appliance
Juniper SSG
Proprietary
Included on Netscreen
security gateways
Proprietary operating system ScreenOS
Juniper SRX
Proprietary
Included on SRX
security gateways
Proprietary operating system Junos
Sonicwall
Proprietary
Included on Dell appliance
Proprietary operating system SonicOs
Barracuda Firewall
Proprietary
Included Firewall Next Generation appliance
Windows-based appliance
embedded firewall distribution
Cyberoam
Proprietary
Included Firewall Sophos appliance
Windows-based appliance
embedded firewall distribution
D-Link
Proprietary
Included Firewall DFL
Windows-based appliance
embedded firewall distribution
Endian Firewall
Proprietary
Free / Paid
Linux-based appliance
Opendium Iceni
Proprietary
Free / Paid
Linux-based, with optional web filtering / auditing.
IPCop
GPL
Free / Paid
Linux-based appliance
firewall distribution
pfSense
ESF/BSD
Free / Paid
FreeBSD-based appliance
firewall distribution
IPFire
GPL
Free / Paid
Linux/NanoBSD-based appliance
firewall distribution
Untangle
GPL
Free / Paid
Linux/NanoBSD-based appliance
firewall distribution
Zeroshell
GPL
Free / Paid
Linux/NanoBSD-based appliance
firewall distribution
SmoothWall
GPL
Free / Paid
Linux-based appliance
embedded firewall distribution
WinGate
GPL
Free / Paid
Windows-based appliance
embedded firewall distribution
Calyptix Security
BSD
Free
OpenBSD-based appliance
firewall distribution
Halon Security
BSD
Free
OpenBSD-based appliance
Vantronix
BSD
Free
OpenBSD-based appliance